Numbers & Counting Customs

From the unique Ge'ez numeral system to marketplace bargaining, numbers play a special role in daily life.

Ge'ez Numerals

Ethiopia has its own numeral system derived from the Ge'ez script. While Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) are widely used today, Ge'ez numerals still appear in religious texts, on buildings, and in traditional contexts. The symbols are: ፩ (1), ፪ (2), ፫ (3), ፬ (4), ፭ (5), ፮ (6), ፯ (7), ፰ (8), ፱ (9), ፲ (10), ፳ (20), etc.

Marketplace Bargaining

In Ethiopian markets (particularly the famous Merkato in Addis Ababa -- Africa's largest open-air market), bargaining is expected and is a social art form. Prices are rarely fixed, and the back-and-forth negotiation is part of the shopping experience. Knowing numbers in Amharic gives you a significant advantage and earns respect from vendors. Starting at about 50-60% of the asking price is a common strategy.

Lucky and Unlucky Numbers

The number 7 (sebat) is considered sacred in Ethiopian culture, reflecting its biblical significance. The number 13 doesn't carry the negative connotation it has in Western culture -- remember, Ethiopia has a 13th month! Odd numbers are generally preferred for gifts and religious practices. The number 3 is significant in the Orthodox tradition (representing the Trinity).

Currency

The Ethiopian currency is the Birr (ብር), divided into 100 santim. When shopping, you'll hear amounts like 'hamsa birr' (50 birr) or 'meato birr' (100 birr). Understanding numbers quickly becomes practical when navigating daily transactions, from buying coffee to taking taxis.

Words to know